Class 12 Computer Syllabus

1. Database Management System (DBMS)

• 1.1 Introduction to data, database, Database system, DBMS
• 1.2 Field, Record, Objects, Primary Key, Alternate key, Candidate key
• 1.3 Advantages of using DBMS
• 1.4 DDL (Data Definition Language) and DML (Data Manipulation Language)
• 1.5 Database Model: Network, Hierarchical, Relational Model
• 1.6 Concept of Normalization: 1NF, 2NF, 3NF
• 1.7 Centralized vs. Distributed Database
• 1.8 Database Security

2. Data Communication and Networking

• 2.1 Basic elements of Communication System
• 2.2 Concept of Communication System
• 2.3 Block Diagram of Communication System/Model
• 2.4 Elements of Data Communication/Transmission
• 2.5 Simplex, Half Duplex and Full Duplex Communication Modes
• 2.6 Concept of LAN and WAN
• 2.7 Transmission Medium: Guided and Unguided
• 2.8 Transmission Impairments Terminology
• 2.9 Basic Concept of Network Architecture: Client-Server, Peer-to-Peer
• 2.10 Basic Network Terms and Tools
• 2.11 Network Tools: Packet Tracer, Remote Login
• 2.12 Network Connecting Devices: NIC, Modem, Router, Switch
• 2.13 Network Topologies: Bus, Ring, Star
• 2.14 Basic Concept of OSI Reference Model
• 2.15 Internet Protocol Addressing

3. Web Technology II

• 3.1 Introduction to Server-side and Client-side Scripting
• 3.2 Introduction to Internet Technology
• 3.3 Adding JavaScript to HTML Page
• 3.4 JavaScript Fundamentals: Data Types, Variables, Operators
• 3.5 Functions and Control Structures
• 3.6 Object-based Programming with JavaScript and Event Handling
• 3.7 Image, Event and Form Objects
• 3.8 Form Validation, jQuery
• 3.9 Server-side Scripting using PHP
• 3.10 Introduction to PHP, Syntax, Data Types, Operators, Variables
• 3.11 Object-oriented Programming with PHP
• 3.12 Database Connectivity: Connection, SQL Queries, Fetching Data

4. Programming in C

• 4.1 Review of C Programming Concepts
• 4.2 Functions: Library/User-defined, Prototype, Call, Return, Recursion
• 4.3 Structures & Unions: Definition, Declaration, Initialization, Member Access, Array of Structures, Differences
• 4.4 Pointers: Definition, Address (&), Indirection (*), Pointer Expressions, Call by Value & Reference
• 4.5 Working with Files: Sequential/Random File, File Functions, Opening, Reading, Writing, Appending

5. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

• 5.1 Programming Paradigms: Procedural, Structural, Object-oriented
• 5.2 Features of OOP: Class, Object, Polymorphism, Inheritance
• 5.3 Advantages of OOP
• 5.4 Applications of OOP

6. Software Process Model (SPM)

• 6.1 Software Project Concept
• 6.2 SDLC – Software Development Life Cycle
• 6.3 System Analyst vs. Software Engineer
• 6.4 Requirement Collection Methods
• 6.5 Concept of System Design
• 6.6 Software and Quality
• 6.7 Software Development Models: Waterfall, Prototype, Agile

7. Recent Trends in Technology

• 7.1 Concept of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Robotics
• 7.2 Cloud Computing
• 7.3 Big Data
• 7.4 Virtual Reality (VR)
• 7.5 E-commerce, E-medicine, E-governance
• 7.6 Mobile Computing
• 7.7 Internet of Things (IoT)